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I understood that CSS and images don't show up because the browser thinks its in a sub-directory and I am using relative paths to the CSS and images in the example 2 coding, verified by changing them to absolute referencing which fixed the problems of the css and images files not being recognize/read/shown. QUESTION; is this a problem only because I am working with the project not directly in c:\xampp\htdocs\ and instead in a sub-directory inside the XAMPP installation..... c:\xampp\htdocs\e_comm\site_2 QUESTION; would it not be a problem once directly under a domain?.... QUESTION; isn't there a way so I don't have to use absolute instead of relative paths for the css and images of a project in a sub-directory? DOCUMENT_ROOT http://localhost/e_comm/site_2/shop/sales/ config.inc.php define ('BASE_URI', '/'); define ('BASE_URL', 'http://localhost/e_comm/site_2/'); define ('MYSQL', BASE_URI . 'includes/mysql.inc.php'); index.php require ('./includes/config.inc.php'); include ('./includes/header.html');